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Apache Tiles - Framework - Creating Tiles Pages

Creating and using Tiles pages

After installing and learning some of Tiles concepts, it is time to create some pages. Here you will find the steps to create reusable Tiles pieces and complete pages.

Create a template

Let's take the classic layout page structure:

The "classic layout", a typical structure of a web page.

Create a JSP page that acts as this layout and place it under /layouts/classic.jsp file.

<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title><tiles:getAsString name="title"/></title>
  </head>
  <body>
        <table>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="2">
          <tiles:insertAttribute name="header" />
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <tiles:insertAttribute name="menu" />
        </td>
        <td>
          <tiles:insertAttribute name="body" />
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="2">
          <tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" />
        </td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

This template has five attributes: title (of string type), header, menu, body and footer.

Create the composing pages

In this phase, you have to create four JSP pages, that will take place of header, menu, body and footer attributes in the previously created template.

You can put everything you want in this pages, they are just a test.

Create a definition

Supposing that you configured Tiles, in web.xml, to startup using the TilesServlet, you need to specify what will be the files containing the Tiles definitions to load:

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>tiles</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.tiles.servlet.startup.TilesServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>org.apache.tiles.impl.BasicTilesContainer.DEFINITIONS_CONFIG</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/tiles-defs.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

Create the /WEB-INF/tiles-defs.xml file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC
       "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 2.0//EN"
       "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd">
<tiles-definitions>
  <definition name="myapp.homepage" template="/layouts/classic.jsp">
    <put-attribute name="title" value="Tiles tutorial homepage" />
    <put-attribute name="header" value="/tiles/banner.jsp" />
    <put-attribute name="menu" value="/tiles/common_menu.jsp" />
    <put-attribute name="body" value="/tiles/home_body.jsp" />
    <put-attribute name="footer" value="/tiles/credits.jsp" />
  </definition>
</tiles-definitions>

Render the definition

After creating the definition, you can render it:

  • by using the <tiles:insertDefinition /> tag, inserting it in a JSP page:
    <%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
<tiles:insertDefinition name="myapp.homepage" />
  • in other cases, you can render directly in the response, by using the Tiles container:
    TilesContainer container = TilesAccess.getContainer(
        request.getSession().getServletContext());
container.render("myapp.homepage", request, response);
  • by using Rendering Utilities provided by Tiles.
  • by using a supporting framework. See Integrations for a list of supporting frameworks.